The working principle of oil wellhead device is mainly based on the production needs of oil wells, and the control and management of oil well production are realized through a series of complex structures and functional components. The following is a detailed analysis of the working principle of oil wellhead device:
1. Composition structure
Oil wellhead device is usually composed of wellhead Christmas tree, valve, tubing head, casing head and other auxiliary equipment. These components work together to ensure the normal production and control of oil wells.
Wellhead Christmas tree: As the main part of the wellhead device, the Christmas tree is equipped with multiple valves and interfaces for connecting oil pipes, casing and ground process pipelines. By operating the valves on the Christmas tree, the opening, closing and flow regulation of the oil well can be realized.
Valve: The valve is used to control the on-off and flow direction of the fluid. Common valves include production valves, test valves and safety valves, etc. These valves play a vital role in the production process of oil wells and can ensure production safety and production efficiency.
Tubing head: Connects the oil pipe and the Christmas tree, used to support the oil pipe and seal the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing. A sealing device is installed inside the tubing head to ensure the sealing between the tubing and the casing.
Casing head: Connects the casing and the Christmas tree, used to support the casing and seal the annular space between the casing and the well wall. The casing head also protects the well wall.
2. Working principle
Fluid lifting: When the oil well starts production, the crude oil and the accompanying gas are lifted from the formation to the wellhead through the tubing.
Fluid control: The wellhead Christmas tree, as the control core, controls the flow direction and pressure of the fluid (oil, gas, water, etc.) through multiple valves and pipelines set inside it. By adjusting the valves on the Christmas tree, key parameters such as the liquid production, gas production and wellhead back pressure of the oil well can be controlled to meet the needs of oil well production.
Pressure monitoring and safety protection: The wellhead device is also equipped with safety devices, such as safety valves and pressure gauges, to monitor and control the pressure of the oil well. When the pressure of the oil well exceeds the safety range, the safety valve will automatically open to release the excessive pressure, and the Christmas tree manufacturer ensures the safe production of the oil well.
3. Application of special devices
In the oil wellhead device, some special devices may also be included, such as casing gas valve devices, etc., which are used to solve specific problems. For example, the working principle of the casing gas valve device is: the medium in the casing annulus pushes the casing gas valve steel ball to move under the action of pressure, and the steel ball pushes the spring to contract, and the medium is discharged from the reserved pressure relief pipeline welding mesh port by the exhaust groove, and the high-pressure medium is discharged to the low-pressure oil pipeline through the oil-casing connection process. After the pressure falls back to a certain range of values, the spring tension pushes the spring to block the channel, thereby closing the valve to prevent the liquid connected to the oil-casing from flowing back.
4. Summary
The oil wellhead device realizes the control and management of oil well production through its complex structure and functional components. By adjusting the valve and monitoring key parameters such as pressure, the normal production and safe operation of the oil well can be ensured. At the same time, the wellhead device also has the ability to adapt to different production conditions and can be adjusted and optimized according to the actual situation of the oil well.Working principle of oil wellhead device
The working principle of oil wellhead device is mainly based on the production needs of oil wells, and the control and management of oil well production are realized through a series of complex structures and functional components. The following is a detailed analysis of the working principle of oil wellhead device:
1. Composition structure
Oil wellhead device is usually composed of wellhead Christmas tree, valve, tubing head, casing head and other auxiliary equipment. These components work together to ensure the normal production and control of oil wells.
Wellhead Christmas tree: As the main part of the wellhead device, the Christmas tree is equipped with multiple valves and interfaces for connecting oil pipes, casing and ground process pipelines. By operating the valves on the Christmas tree, the opening, closing and flow regulation of the oil well can be realized.
Valve: The valve is used to control the on-off and flow direction of the fluid. Common valves include production valves, test valves and safety valves, etc. These valves play a vital role in the production process of oil wells and can ensure production safety and production efficiency.
Tubing head: Connects the oil pipe and the Christmas tree, used to support the oil pipe and seal the annular space between the oil pipe and the casing. A sealing device is installed inside the tubing head to ensure the sealing between the tubing and the casing.
Casing head: Connects the casing and the Christmas tree, used to support the casing and seal the annular space between the casing and the well wall. The casing head also protects the well wall.
2. Working principle
Fluid lifting: When the oil well starts production, the crude oil and the accompanying gas are lifted from the formation to the wellhead through the tubing.
Fluid control: The wellhead Christmas tree, as the control core, controls the flow direction and pressure of the fluid (oil, gas, water, etc.) through multiple valves and pipelines set inside it. By adjusting the valves on the Christmas tree, key parameters such as the liquid production, gas production and wellhead back pressure of the oil well can be controlled to meet the needs of oil well production.
Pressure monitoring and safety protection: The wellhead device is also equipped with safety devices, such as safety valves and pressure gauges, to monitor and control the pressure of the oil well. When the pressure of the oil well exceeds the safety range, the safety valve will automatically open to release the excessive pressure, and the Christmas tree manufacturer ensures the safe production of the oil well.
3. Application of special devices
In the oil wellhead device, some special devices may also be included, such as casing gas valve devices, etc., which are used to solve specific problems. For example, the working principle of the casing gas valve device is: the medium in the casing annulus pushes the casing gas valve steel ball to move under the action of pressure, and the steel ball pushes the spring to contract, and the medium is discharged from the reserved pressure relief pipeline welding mesh port by the exhaust groove, and the high-pressure medium is discharged to the low-pressure oil pipeline through the oil-casing connection process. After the pressure falls back to a certain range of values, the spring tension pushes the spring to block the channel, thereby closing the valve to prevent the liquid connected to the oil-casing from flowing back.
4. Summary
The oil wellhead device realizes the control and management of oil well production through its complex structure and functional components. By adjusting the valve and monitoring key parameters such as pressure, the normal production and safe operation of the oil well can be ensured. At the same time, the wellhead device also has the ability to adapt to different production conditions and can be adjusted and optimized according to the actual situation of the oil well.